ABSTRACT
Dayuanyin (DYY) has been shown to reduce lung inflammation in both coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and lung injury. This experiment was designed to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of action of DYY against hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) and to evaluate the effect of DYY on the protection of lung function. Animal welfare and experimental procedures are approved and in accordance with the provision of the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science. Male C57/BL6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, model group, DYY group (800 mg.kg-1), and positive control sildenafil group (100 mg.kg-1). The animals were given control solvents or drugs by gavage three days in advance. On day 4, the animals in the model group, DYY group and sildenafil group were kept in a hypoxic chamber containing 10% +/- 0.5% oxygen, and the animals in the control group were kept in a normal environment, and the control solvent or drugs continued to be given continuously for 14 days. The right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy index, organ indices and other metrics were measured in the experimental endpoints. Meantime, the expression levels of the inflammatory factors in mice lung tissues were measured. The potential therapeutic targets of DYY on pulmonary hypertension were predicted using network pharmacology, the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF- kappaB) signaling pathway-related proteins were measured by Western blot assay. It was found that DYY significantly reduced the right ventricular systolic pressure, attenuated lung injury and decreased the expression of inflammatory factors in mice. It can also inhibit hypoxia-induced activation of NF- kappaB signaling pathway. DYY has a protective effect on lung function, as demonstrated by DYY has good efficacy in HPH, and preventive administration can slow down the disease progression, and its mechanism may be related to inhibit the activation of NF-kappaB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) by DYY.Copyright © 2023, Chinese Pharmaceutical Association. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Dayuanyin (DYY) has been shown to reduce lung inflammation in both coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and lung injury. This experiment was designed to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of action of DYY against hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) and to evaluate the effect of DYY on the protection of lung function. Animal welfare and experimental procedures are approved and in accordance with the provision of the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science. Male C57/BL6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, model group, DYY group (800 mg.kg-1), and positive control sildenafil group (100 mg.kg-1). The animals were given control solvents or drugs by gavage three days in advance. On day 4, the animals in the model group, DYY group and sildenafil group were kept in a hypoxic chamber containing 10% +/- 0.5% oxygen, and the animals in the control group were kept in a normal environment, and the control solvent or drugs continued to be given continuously for 14 days. The right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy index, organ indices and other metrics were measured in the experimental endpoints. Meantime, the expression levels of the inflammatory factors in mice lung tissues were measured. The potential therapeutic targets of DYY on pulmonary hypertension were predicted using network pharmacology, the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF- kappaB) signaling pathway-related proteins were measured by Western blot assay. It was found that DYY significantly reduced the right ventricular systolic pressure, attenuated lung injury and decreased the expression of inflammatory factors in mice. It can also inhibit hypoxia-induced activation of NF- kappaB signaling pathway. DYY has a protective effect on lung function, as demonstrated by DYY has good efficacy in HPH, and preventive administration can slow down the disease progression, and its mechanism may be related to inhibit the activation of NF-kappaB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) by DYY.Copyright © 2023, Chinese Pharmaceutical Association. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Increasing amounts of surfactants are used and emitted into the environment due to the COVID-19 pandemic, posing potential threats to ecological health. Algal-bacterial aerobic granular sludge (A-BAGS), with the advantages of compact structure, high-efficient nutrient uptake, and high tolerance to harsh conditions, was attempted in this study to treat surfactant-containing wastewater at relatively high concentrations. The treatment performance was also compared to bacterial AGS (BAGS). Results showed that A-BAGS is preferable for treating wastewater containing a high SDS concentration (30 mg/L), achieving nutrient removal efficiency of 86.3 % for organic carbon, 60.5 % for total nitrogen, and 58.7 % for total phosphorus within a short duration, compared to 70.1 %, 52.8 % and 42.3 % in BAGS reactor. Besides, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen by A-BAGS was much faster than that of BAGS. The above results confirmed that A-BAGS is a promising technology for treating surfactant-containing wastewater with high nutrient removal efficiency being maintained.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
ABSTRACT
Combined with human-to-human contact, the potential for SARS-CoV-2 virus transmission via aerosols and feces raises the urgency for effective treatment of hospital wastewater (HWW), which has been assumed as an important source of pathogenic microorganisms spreading into aquatic environments. However, there are few reviews discussing the presence and removal of pathogens in hospital wastewaters matrices. This review summarizes the pathogenic microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites present in hospital wastewater, the related diseases and treatment processes. In addition, the removal of pathogens during hospital wastewater treatment process is reviewed, including the preliminary process, secondary process and tertiary process. Due to the growing concerns over the effects of the current global pandemic on hospital wastewater treatment process, further research is necessary to investigate the actual fate of pathogens in hospital wastewater and optimize disinfection processes. Copyright © 2023 Yuan and Pian.
ABSTRACT
Covid-19 has changed the study life of many people with many courses in higher education being moved online. With the situation continuing like this, it is worthwhile to ask the questions such as: is the current provision of online education effective? Will the pandemic change higher education for ever? And what is the future of higher education post-pandemic? To answer these questions, we have conducted a survey to the students at the University of York. The survey provides some clarifications for the current state of online learning. It is discovered that while the adoption of online learning is continuously increasing, the current provision of online teaching during the pandemic has plenty of room to improve. Most participants believe that blended learning e.g. flipped classroom is the future of education post-pandemic;this is in contrast with a small number of participants who believe the in-class teaching is the future of education. In the process of arriving the conclusion, we have also learned a number of best practices for online learning. It is anticipated that the evidence collected from this study will shed light for university senior management to make strategic decisions in preparation for the future of education post-pandemic. © 2022 ACM.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic illustrates how the impacts of climate change are beginning to converge with other developing challenges with a likely peak with global population, requiring more integrated responses locally, regionally and globally.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 coronavirus is spreading all over the world for almost one year. Keeping Social distance has been proven is an efficient policy against the spread of coronavirus. In this paper, we present a system for indoor monitoring. This system not only measures real-time social distance but also records the chain of potential inflection. In real-time social distance measurement, we use stereo cameras to guarantee high accurate measurement and utilize Edge node to ensure real-time requirements. In the chain of potential inflection record, we present an architecture including object tracking and Handshake Chain database, i.e., Chain of potential inflection. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first presenting a system aim to accelerate query for COVID-19. Finally, we offer several on-going work to advance our system. © 2021 the authors.
ABSTRACT
Thailand is an important coastal country that highly relies on marine economy and coastal tourism industry. In recent years, marine fisheries has been damaged due to resources over exploiting. Meanwhile, the coastal tourism industry has stagnated due to the impact of the COVID-19. Therefore, to find new economic growth points become the urgent task for Thailand and other coastal countries along with the B&R. Education trade has been rising with the trend of globalization. China and Thailand have engaged in educational activities closely, with the support of the B&R Initiative, but still lack of experimental evidence. Thus, it is necessary to conduct research on this group of international students who are the new economy pillar for future Coastal Countries along the B&R. This research aims to explore a new Overseas Talent Cultivating Model that based on Image Theory and TPB Theory for Chinese international students. Structural equation modeling was adopted to test the paths of the proposed model. This research has provided a starter and evidences for future researches about this newborn group along the coastal countries' education activities.